Fig. 4

Effect of chaperone overexpression on aspulvinone E production in Biolector cultivation. (A) Growth rate of chaperone overexpression strains, as indicated, and the reference strain shown in black. Growth rate was determined for the exponential growth phase, approximately between 17–22 h, depending on the length of the lag phase. (B) Production of aspulvinone E in chaperone overexpression strains after 72 h, relative to the reference (APS006) shown in black. Columns represent average aspulvinone E production as measured by the UV absorption at 368 nm of the peak corresponding to aspulvinone E and normalized to the reference strain. Strains producing significantly more aspulvinone E relative to the reference strain (p < 0.05) are indicated by an asterisk. Error bars represent ± SD, n = 3