Investigating endophytic fungi of Calotropis procera for novel bioactive compounds: molecular docking and bioactivity insights

Abo El-Souad, Sayed M. S.; Dawoud, Mohamed A.; Ibrahim, Mahmoud; Soliman, Mona M.

doi:10.1186/s12934-025-02710-3

Table 3 Antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungal crude extract from C. procera

From: Investigating endophytic fungi of Calotropis procera for novel bioactive compounds: molecular docking and bioactivity insights

Endophytic fungal extracts	Inhibition zone of bacterial sp.					Inhibition zone of fungal sp.		LSD 5%
Endophytic fungal extracts	Bacillus cereus	Escherichia coli	listeria monocytogenes	Salmonella typhimurium	Staphylococcus aureus	Candida albicans	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	LSD 5%
Aspergillus flavus (ethyl acetate)	20^c ± 2.0	17.67^b ± 1.15	17.67^b ± 0.58	31^d ± 1.0	16.33^b ± 0.58	12.33^a ± 0.58	10.33^a ± 0.58	2.9
Aspergillus flavus (chloroform)	17.33^cd ± 0.58	15^bc ± 1.73	15^bc ± 2.0	30^e ± 0	14.67^b ± 0.57	9.67^a ± 1.53	19.33^d ± 1.53	2.8
Aspergillus fumigatus (ethyl acetate)	16.67^c ± 0.58	14.67^b ± 0.58	20.33^d ± 0.58	21^d ± 1.0	15^bc ± 1.0	10.33^a ± 1.53	25.67^e ± 1.15	2.2
Aspergillus fumigatus (chloroform)	13.33^b ± 0.58	15.33^bc ± 1.53	25.33^e ± 1.53	20^d ± 1.0	15^bc ± 0	10.33^a ± 1.53	16^c ± 0	2.2
Aspergillus niger (ethyl acetate)	16^c ± 1.73	20^d ± 1.0	24^e ± 1.0	20.33^d ± 0.58	19^d ± 1.0	10.67^a ± 0.58	13^b ± 1.0	2
Aspergillus niger (chloroform)	17.33^c ± 2.51	0^a ± 0	16^c ± 1.0	10.33^b ± 0.58	24.33^e ± 0.58	26^e ± 1.15	20^d ± 1.0	3.9
Aspergillus versicolor (ethyl acetate)	20^d ± 1.0	15^b ± 0.58	20^d ± 1.0	18.33^c ± 1.53	14.67^b ± 0.58	10^a ± 0	23^e ± 1.0	1.9
Aspergillus versicolor (chloroform)	17^c ± 1.0	14.33^b ± 0.58	18^c ± 1.0	20^d ± 1.0	17.67^c ± 0.58	8.67^a ± 0.58	25^e ± 1.0	2.2
Rhizopus arrhizus (ethyl acetate)	15^d ± 1.0	17.67^e ± 0.58	23^f ± 1.0	0^a ± 0	16.67^e ± 1.15	11.33^c ± 0.58	9.67^b ± 0.58	3.2
Rhizopus arrhizus (chloroform)	12^c ± 3.6	10^bc ± 1.0	9.67^bc ± 0.58	0^a ± 0	16.33^d ± 0.58	9^bc ± 1.0	7.67^b ± 2.08	2.2
Fluconazole	0^a ± 0	0^a ± 0	0^a ± 0	0^a ± 0	0^a ± 0	13.33^c ± 0.58	12.0^b ± 1.0	2.7
Chloramphenicol	12.67^bc ± 0.58	13.33^cd ± 0.58	14.0^de ± 1.0	11.67^b ± 0.58	15.0^e ± 1.0	0^a ± 0	0^a ± 0	2.9

Antimicrobial activity is represented by the inhibition zone (mm). Numbers expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3) for each sample. Different small letters in the same row show mean values at a significant level (p < 0.05)

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