Fig. 5

Oxidation of FFCA to FDCA using recombinant E. coli (lysate and whole cells) bearing G. oxydans DSM 50049 membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase (MALDH) and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase (CALDH), respectively. (A) HPLC analysis of samples from the reaction catalysed by the insoluble fraction of the cells expressing MALDH (green chromatogram), in comparison with the reaction using negative control E. coli lysate (black chromatogram), (B) HPLC analysis of samples from the reaction performed with the soluble fraction of CALDH containing cells (green chromatogram), in comparison with control reaction using negative control E. coli lysate (black chromatogram), (C) FDCA concentration after 24 h reactions catalysed by 1.94 mg cell dry weight/mL of the whole cells overexpressing MALDH and CALDH, respectively, against 0.5 mg/mL FFCA and the corresponding initial reaction rates, (D) Activity of MALDH (DI) and CALDH (DII) against different concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 g/L of FFCA