Fig. 3

Fed-batch oxidation of FFCA (♦) to FDCA (▲) using resting G. oxydans DSM 50049 cells at 30 ºC in: (A) 50 mL 0.1 M acetate buffer pH 5 in 250 mL shake flask with uncontrolled pH and aeration, and (B) 1 L reaction volume in 3 L bioreactor maintained at pH 5 and 70% dissolved oxygen. The reaction was fed with FFCA stock solution to achieve the initial concentration of 5 mg/mL