Fig. 2

Comparison of sphingolipids production levels by flask fed-batch fermentation under various culture conditions. Sphingosine-producing strain DDLA was cultivated in aerobic conditions with low initial cell density (A), aerobic conditions with high initial cell density (B), anaerobic conditions with low initial cell density (C), and anaerobic conditions with high initial cell density (D), respectively. Cell growth and sphingolipids level were determined for 60 h of cultivation. Error bas indicates standard deviations of three independent experiments