Fig. 4

Introduction of an EP-bifido pathway to increase the yield of acetate. (A) Time profiles of biomass, glucose consumption, and acetate production by E. coli 5K during shake flask fermentation. (B) Time profiles of biomass, glucose consumption, and acetate production by E. coli 5K/pFF during shake flask fermentation. (C) The concentrations of accumulated metabolites in the fermentation broth by E. coli 5K. (D) The concentrations of accumulated metabolites in the fermentation broth by E. coli 5K/pFF. (E) Comparison the concentrations of acetate produced by different recombinant E. coli strains from glucose during shake flask fermentation. (F) Comparison of the yields of acetate produced by different recombinant E. coli strains during shake flask fermentation. The data are shown as averages of three independent experiments with standard deviations