Fig. 1

Comparison of batch culture profiles between the M. thermophila wild-type (WT) strain and the high-production malic acid strain (JG207): (a) residual glucose concentration, values are means ± SD (2 parallel reactors); (b) biomass concentration, values are means ± SD (2 parallel reactors); (c) malic acid concentration, values are means ± SD (2 parallel reactors); (d) succinic acid concentration, values are means ± SD (2 parallel reactors); (e) carbon dioxide evolution rate (CER); (f) oxygen uptake rate (OUR)