Fig. 1
Effect of carbon source concentration (rice starch) on the performance of a batch culture of Diaporthe caliensis and its respective crude extracts: C15-N3.2 and C25-N3.2 treatments. (A) Changes in OTR (mol L− 1 h− 1) over time for each treatment. (B) Calculated YX/O2 (g biomass g-1 O2) for each treatment. (C) Antibacterial activity (IC50 in mg mL− 1) evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Statistically insignificant variable (p value > 0.05). (D) Calculated YP/S (mg extract g-1 carbon source) for mycelial and extracellular extracts. Statistically insignificant variable (p value > 0.05). The antibacterial activities of the strains were contrasted with that of the negative control (black dotted line). Each value represents the mean of two biological replicates (n = 2). Cultivation conditions: (A) RAMOS® device (250 mL unbaffled shake flask with 50 mL of medium, shaking diameter of 50 mm, and shaking frequency of 140 rpm); (B) and D) orbital shaker (250 mL unbaffled shake flask with 80 mL of medium, shaking diameter of 20 mm and shaking frequency of 221 rpm)