Fig. 2
From: Advances and prospects in microbial production of biotin
Metabolic pathway of biotin using different precursors. The precursors synthesized by the BioC/BioH, BioW/BioI and BioZ pathways are indicated with light green, pinkish, and light blue backgrounds. pykA: pyruvate kinase; pykF: pyruvate kinase; pflB: formate C-acetyltransferase; ppc: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; acc: acetyl-CoA carboxylase; gltA: citrate synthase; aspC: aspartate aminotransferase; lysC: aspartate kinase; asD: aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; dapA: 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase; dapB: 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase; dapC: N-succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase; dapD: 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate N-succinyltransferase; dapE: succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase; dapF: diaminopimelate epimerase; ddh: meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase; lysA: diaminopimelate decarboxylase; fabB: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I; fabF: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase II; fabD: [acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase; fabG: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase; fabZ: 3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase; fabI: enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase I; bioC: malonyl-CoA O-methyltransferase; bioH: pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester esterase; bioZ: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase III; bioI: pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase; bioW: 6-carboxyhexanoate–CoA ligase; bioF: 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase; bioA: 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid synthase; bioD: dethiobiotin synthase; bioB: biotin synthase