Fig. 6

Effects of E. coli KUB-36 metabolites and its individual SCFA on nitric oxide production of LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophage cells. IC50 values of E. coli KUB-36 metabolites and its individual SCFA were used in this experiment [E. coli metabolite; IC50 = 68.90%, Acetic acid; IC50 = 51.30% (12.26 mM); Butyric acid; IC50 = 59.88% (1.80 mM); Isobutyric acid; IC50 = 67.07% (1.13 mM); Propionic acid; IC50 = 63.63% (1.37 mM); Valeric acid; IC50 = 60.08% (1.70 mM); Isovaleric acid; IC50 = 58.27% (1.62 mM); Caproic acid; IC50 = 61.56% (2.23 mM)]. Data are plotted as average values of nitric oxide production ± standard error. Different lowercase letters (a-c) indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between mean scores of columns