Fig. 5

The effect of IILs on cell growth in the background strain (Y133) or PTK2 mutant (Y133-IIL). IC₅₀ values were determined for each xylose fermenting yeast strain grown in YPD containing various concentrations of [EMIM]Cl (a), [BMIM]Cl (b), or [EMIM]Ac (c). In (d), Y133 was transformed with the indicated plasmids, and effects on IC₅₀ for [EMIM]Cl using the resulting transformants were assessed. To examine pH dependence on IIL toxicity, specific growth rates of the Y133 and Y133-IIL strains cultured in YPD media containing 1 % [EMIM]Cl at pH 5 or 6.5 (e). Mean ± S.E